Category: Gynaecology

Signs and Symptoms of Endometriosis You Shouldn’t Ignore

By ODOllie, 14th November 2025

The Surrey Park Clinic: Fertility and Women's Health specialists

Around one in ten women worldwide suffer with Endometriosis. It’s fairly common, but is still often misunderstood and despite its prevalence, it can take years to receive a diagnosis. This can be after sufferers have experienced long periods of pain and discomfort, and confusion! Recognising the signs and symptoms early could mean getting help earlier and improving quality of life.

The Surrey Park Clinic’s specialist team knows how life-changing an endometriosis diagnosis can be. Our consultant gynaecologists Mr Emmanuel Kalu, Miss Lilian Ugwumadu, and Dr Petya Doncheva offer expert assessment, management, and treatment options matched to you.

We have compiled a list of the most common symptoms, why they occur and when to get help.

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is when tissue similar to the lining of the womb grows outside the uterus in places it shouldn’t, such as on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bowel, bladder, or pelvic wall. Each month during menstruation, this tissue acts like the uterine lining by thickening, breaking down, and bleeding, but because it has no way to leave the body it can cause inflammation, pain, and scarring.

The level of symptoms don’t always match the extent of the condition as some people with widespread endometriosis have little pain, while others may have severe pain and discomfort. We need to understand the varied signs if there is a chance of early intervention. These can include:

Pelvic pain

The most common symptom of endometriosis is pelvic pain which can occur before, during, or after your period. Unlike the usual period pain, this pain often feels deep, sharp, or stabbing, and can radiate to your lower back or legs.

If your period pain has got worse over time, or lasts for several days, it is worth getting some medical advice before it starts interfering with your usual daily activities. You shouldn’t have to put up with persistent pain!

Painful periods

Many women experience some level of cramping during their period, it’s common. What is not common is for periods that cause you to double over, miss days of work or school, or rely heavily on pain killers. Any of these could be a sign of endometriosis. The pain may start several days before bleeding begins and can linger afterwards. Heavy bleeding and clotting can also accompany painful periods, which can also have an impact on day to day life.

Pain during or after sex

Pain during intercourse is a common (but often overlooked) symptom. This is because endometrial tissue can grow behind the uterus, on the pelvic ligaments, or near the vagina. It can be painful for a few hours after sex too. Some people delay getting medical help with this symptom as they find it difficult or embarrassing to talk about, but it’s important to bring it up with a specialist, nonetheless.

Pain going to the toilet

Endometriosis affecting the bladder or bowel can give you pain during peeing or emptying your bowel, particularly around the time of your period. You may notice blood in your urine or stool at certain times of the month, or you may be constipated, have diarrhoea, or bloating. These symptoms can be confused with IBS or other digestive conditions, which is why seeking the advice of a specialist is so important.

Chronic fatigue

Symptoms connected to endometriosis like ongoing inflammation and hormonal disruption can lead to fatigue. Many women feel drained, even after a full night’s sleep. Fatigue can also be as a result of chronic pain, poor sleep, or heavy menstrual bleeding leading to low iron levels.

If you feel constantly exhausted and are struggling to function, this isn’t just because you have a busy life. It needs investigating!

Fertility difficulties

Endometriosis is one of the leading causes of infertility, affecting up to 50% of women who are struggling to conceive. The condition can block fallopian tubes, affect egg quality, and distort organs like the ovaries. Many people with endometriosis do go on to have successful pregnancies, especially if they’ve had early diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

If you have been trying to conceive for 12 months or more without success (or sooner if you have known symptoms) then you should seek expert fertility advice.

Abdominal swelling and bloating

Have you heard the term ‘endo belly’? This is what many people with endometriosis experience with sudden and severe bloating that can make the abdomen appear swollen. This can cause physical pain or discomfort, as well as emotional upset (particularly when your clothes feel tight and uncomfortable). Occasional bloating is common – it’s when it becomes regular and painful that you should get medical investigation.

Other possible symptoms

There are other symptoms that sufferers may experience including:

Lower back pain
Nausea or vomiting during periods
Irregular bleeding (or spotting) between periods
Pain when standing or walking for prolonged periods
Difficulty going to the toilet

Diagnosis is always needed as some of these symptoms can be linked with other conditions. You may need and ultrasound and sometimes a laparoscopy to confirm.

Why early diagnosis matters

Endometriosis is a progressive condition which means it can get a lot worse over time. An early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications such as severe pain, fertility issues, and adhesion problems (where organs stick together because of scar tissue). Just as importantly, treatment that starts as early as possible can improve day to day comfort, and have a positive impact on emotional wellbeing.

So many people suffer in silence and believe their pain is just one of those things, or even normal. It’s not. If your symptoms are interfering with your life, then you should talk to a healthcare professional straight away.

At The Surrey Park Clinic, we provide support for women’s health including the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis. Along with support from our team, there are many support groups you may find helpful if you are undergoing investigations or are diagnosed with endometriosis, including Endometriosis UK, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, and NHS.

Understanding Gynaecology Health and its Symptoms and Treatments

By ODOllie, 20th October 2025

Gynaecology is the branch of medicine that deals with the female reproductive system; its structure, function, and the many conditions which could potentially disrupt ‘normal’ life for women. Gynaecological conditions can begin as soon as a young woman reaches puberty, right through to menopause and beyond.

Below, you’ll find some of the more common issues, how they present, and the treatments available to deal with them. It helps when you’re informed and confident if you need to seek help.

Abnormal Cervical Screening

Routine cervical smears and HPV testing can help show changes in cervical cells before they progress to cancer. Some women get results that show ‘abnormal cells’, which can range from mild to more serious dysplasia. Minor changes can often be monitored with repeat screening, but more significant changes could need further investigation via a colposcopy and biopsy. Treatments options for more advanced changes involve removing the abnormal cells either by surgical procedures like LLETZ, where a thin wire loop heated by electricity is used to remove the abnormal area of the cervix, or Cone Biopsy where a cone-shaped piece of tissue is removed from the cervix.

Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis is when cells from the inner lining of the uterus invade into the muscle wall. It can cause heavy and painful periods, pelvic pressure, and sometimes an enlarged uterus. Treatment will usually begin with symptom control – anti inflammatory drugs and hormonal therapies. In more severe cases, surgical options like hysterectomy might be considered, but that would depend on the patient, their goals, and age.

Fibroids

Fibroids are benign muscular growths in or on the uterus, and depending on their size and position, and the number of them, they can cause heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, urinary symptoms, and fertility challenges. Sometimes, women with fibroids are asymptomatic and don’t need any medical intervention, but for those that have significant symptoms treatment options can include hormonal treatments to reduce bleeding or shrink fibroids. There are also minimally invasive procedures, where it’s possible to block the fibroid blood supply, and in more severe cases fibroids can be removed surgically. This is called myomectomy, and the uterus is preserved – hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus and may be needed in appropriate cases.

Endometriosis

In endometriosis, tissue similar to the uterus lining grows on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic lining or elsewhere. Symptoms can include painful periods, chronic pelvic pain, pain with intercourse and infertility issues. Diagnosis is usually made though ultrasound scan or MRI and is often confirmed by laparoscopy. Treatment is dependent on the severity of symptoms, and the patient’s fertility aspirations, but includes analgesics, hormonal suppression, and surgical removal of lesions. Pain Specialist and Fertility Specialist intervention may also be needed.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome also know as PCOS is a hormonal disorder characterised by hormonal imbalance, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. It’s one of the most common endocrine disorders and up to 1 in 10 women in the UK may have it. Many with PCOS have no symptoms at all, and it has also been linked to insulin resistance. Management includes lifestyle care (diet, exercise and healthy weight) insulin sensitising medications, hormonal contraception to regulate cycles, and ovulation induction for women trying to conceive.

Hormonal Imbalances and Menopause

Women can experience hormone related conditions at different life stages from puberty through to perimenopause and menopause. Symptoms can differ from person to person, but range from irregular periods, hot flushes, night sweats, low mood, low libido, weight gain, and joint pain. Hormone replacement therapy is an option which relieves menopausal symptoms, though careful assessment must be carried out first. There are other things that can be done, including non-hormonal therapies, lifestyle support, and treatments such as bone health monitoring.

Pelvic & Abdominal Pain

Pelvic pain can be caused by several different conditions, and the pain level can also differ. Endometriosis, adhesions, pelvic inflammatory disease, ovarian cysts, or non-gynaecological issues such as gastrointestinal or urological conditions can all be attributed to pelvic pain. Careful diagnosis is needed, using patient history, imaging, and sometimes laparoscopy. Management will depend on the cause and may combine medical, surgical, physical therapy, and pain management.

Period Problems and Premenstrual Syndrome

Menstrual issues are very common. Heavy bleeding, irregular bleeding, or painful periods can affect quality of life, but there is help available. Treatment can range from NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and tranexamic acid (which reduces bleeding) to hormonal control (contraceptives, intrauterine devices), and sometimes surgical intervention. PMS involves emotional and physical symptoms in the lead up to menstruation, and can give the sufferer mood swings, irritability, bloating, and breast tenderness. A healthy lifestyle, dietary supplements, SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors), and hormonal therapies may help alleviate these symptoms.

Vaginal Prolapse

Vaginal prolapse is a condition where pelvic organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum, weaken and sag or slip down into or out of the vaginal canal. It is caused by the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and tissues that normally support these organs. Childbirth, aging, obesity, chronic coughing, or constipation can all contribute to this weakening. Treatments for vaginal prolapse range from no intervention at all for mild cases, to pelvic floor exercises, hormone therapy, vaginal pessaries, and surgery for more severe symptoms. The treatment will also depend on the severity of the prolapse, the patient’s quality of life, and other health factors.

While all of the above is for information to show the signs and symptoms to look out for and the possible treatment options, The Surrey Park Clinic can support patients through diagnosis and treatment, as our team of consultants and specialist nurses are experts in assessing and caring for a full range of gynaecological conditions. Helping people feel their best is at the forefront of what we do. For many, gynaecological problems can be worrying, impact both physical and mental well-being, and in some instances, people may be reluctant to seek help.

The earlier you seek advice for any concerning symptoms, often the quicker and easier these are to resolve, and you can go back to feeling like yourself again. Book an appointment at The Surrey Park Clinic here.

What is a Gynaecological Ultrasound Scan?

By ODOllie, 18th June 2025

A gynaecological ultrasound scan is a non-invasive method which uses high frequency sound waves to create real time images of the pelvic organs. This kind of scan is a diagnostic tool used in women’s health and fertility which can help identify a range of conditions, as it centres on looking at the uterus, ovaries, and cervix. It may help to see if fibroids, ovarian cysts, endometriosis are present and can be used for early pregnancy assessments.

How do ultrasound scans work?

Ultrasound scans work by using high-frequency sound waves to create images of the internal organs. Sound waves (which are emitted by a transducer, or probe) bounce off tissues and organs inside the body. The echoes of these sound waves are then recorded and converted into images on a screen by a computer.

The main approaches for a gynaecological ultrasound are transabdominal (through the abdomen) and transvaginal (internally through the vagina).

Transabdominal Ultrasound:

With this method, a transducer (a device that emits sound waves) is moved across the lower abdomen.
In order to get the best images, you may be asked to attend your appointment with acomfortably full bladder. This pushes the pelvic organs closer to the transducer and acts as a conduit for the sound waves.
While this method can provide a general overview, it may not always give the most detailed images of the pelvic organs, especially if they are obscured by the bladder or other structures.

Transvaginal Ultrasound:

This method involves inserting a slim, covered transducer into the vagina.
It allows closer proximity to the pelvic organs, giving higher-resolution images.
Transvaginal ultrasounds are often used when a more detailed scan is needed or when a transabdominal scan isn’t sufficient.

Both transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasounds are considered safe and painless, although some women may experience mild discomfort during the transvaginal approach. The choice of approach often depends on the specific situation, the patient’s symptoms, and the information needed by the clinic.

When and why would I need a gynaecological scan?

If you are suffering any unusual symptoms, like pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, or need to check the position of an IUD, or have fertility issues, you may need a scan so that investigations can be carried out. The scan is used to visualize the female reproductive organs and surrounding structures, helping to diagnose and monitor various conditions.

At The Surrey Park Clinic, gynaecological scans are available six days a week, even without a referral.

Common Myths

There are of course some common myths about ultrasound scans which need to be addressed!

MYTH: “Ultrasounds can be harmful and use radiation.”

FACT: They only use sound waves, making it safe even for early pregnancy.

MYTH: “It can’t be done during menstruation.”

FACT: Having your period doesn’t mean you can’t have a scan.

MYTH: “Only transvaginal scans are accurate.”

FACT: This method may give clearer images of close range structures, but transabdominal scans can still give information.

MYTH: “It’s part of every routine gynae appointment.”

FACT: It’s not standard.

MYTH: “Ultrasounds harm fertility or can cause miscarriage.”

FACT: There is absolutely no evidence that a scan can do this kind of harm. If it is clinically indicated, then it’s safe.

MYTH: “Only reproductive organs are imaged.”

FACT: Pelvic ultrasounds can capture images of organs like the bladder, rectum, and pelvic vessels.

What you can expect at The Surrey Park Clinic

You don’t need a GP referral to book an appointment, and you can do this by phone or online. The type of scan you’ve booked will dictate whether you need to arrive with a comfortably full bladder or not. Your scan will be carried out by an experienced clinician in the privacy of a clinical room. In-clinic scans are often accompanied by an immediate summary where findings might be discussed, as well as a detailed written report, referral recommendations, and next steps.

Who benefits most from a gynaecological scan?

There are many reasons why you might need a scan;

If you are suffering with symptoms such as pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, cyclical pain, or irregular menstruation.
If you are pregnant and want some early reassurance, or viability.
If you are taking part in well-woman screening and need a full reproductive health assessment.
If you need a follow-up of a pre-existing gynae condition, like fibroids, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, or post treatment monitoring.

A gynaecological ultrasound scan is a fundamental part of women’s healthcare. At The Surrey Park Clinic, our services blend advanced imaging technology with consultant expertise to offer our patients the very best care, whether for diagnosis, fertility treatment, or routine well woman checks. Book your appointment here.

What Happens at a Gynaecology Appointment?

By ODOllie, 18th November 2024

For people who might feel apprehensive about a gynaecology appointment, or who are about to have their first visit, sometimes it’s helpful to know what to expect, from the initial consultation to various examinations that might be conducted. One thing is for sure, gynaecology appointments are essential for assessing and maintaining women’s reproductive health, as well as addressing a range of concerns related to hormonal health, menstrual cycles and irregularities, family planning and more.

At The Surrey Park Clinic, appointments are conducted with sensitivity and expertise with patient comfort at the forefront. But wherever you are attending your appointment, here is what you can expect:

Pre-Appointment Preparation

There are some steps you can take to help make sure the experience is as smooth as possible.

A review of your medical history – This may include noting down any past gynaecological issues or surgeries, and your family’s medical history. It may also be helpful to include details about menstrual cycles, their duration and flow, and any associated symptoms.

Symptoms – If your appointment is to discuss specific issues, noting the symptoms in advance can be helpful. You may find it easier to communicate your concerns if they’re written down.

Questions – If you have any questions, it is helpful to prepare these in advance. That way you won’t forget them if you are feeling nervous or emotional.

Initial Consultation and Discussion

You can expect to start your appointment with an initial consultation where the healthcare provider reviews your medical history and current health concerns. This conversation allows them to understand any symptoms, concerns, or lifestyle factors that might be affecting the reproductive system.

Medical history review – The healthcare professional will ask about personal and family health history, focussing on areas relevant to reproductive health. This could involve questions about your menstrual cycle, whether there is a history of endometriosis, fibroids, polycystic ovary syndrome or any other known genetic condition.

Symptom discussion – You can share details on any symptoms that you may be experiencing, such as abnormal bleeding, pain, or discomfort. This information will help your healthcare provider to determine which examinations or tests might be necessary.

Physical Examinations

A gynaecological examination will typically include an external, and internal pelvic examination, which will help to identify any signs of infection, abnormalities and any other conditions you might be experiencing symptoms for.

Breast Examination – Some appointments include a breast exam, especially for patients over a certain age or for those with a family history of breast cancer. The healthcare professional will pay attention to the underarms as well as the breast itself, feeling for any unusual lumps or changes.

External Examination – An external examination of the vulva area may be checked for any visible signs of irritation or other abnormalities.

Internal Examination – The healthcare professional will use a tool called a speculum to gently widen the vaginal canal to view the cervix. You may feel a slight pressure, but it should not be painful. They may take a cervical smear (detailed below), and this may be based on your age or health history. This screening helps to detect precancerous or cancerous cells on the cervix.

Cervical Screening

Cervical smear tests are an important and essential part of women’s healthcare. This test involves collecting cells from the cervix which are analysed for any signs of precancerous cells.

Why? – They play a crucial role in detecting early signs of cervical cancer. Smear tests are recommended every 3-5 years depending on age and medical history.

What to expect – Your healthcare provider will use a soft brush to collect the cells from your cervix. This should not be painful, but there may be a few seconds of mild pressure or discomfort.

Pelvic Ultrasound

In some cases, the healthcare professional may recommend a pelvic ultrasound, especially if they have concerns about conditions such as fibroids, ovarian cysts, or unexplained or pain in the pelvic area. These ultrasounds are imaging tests that can be carried out transabdominally or transvaginally.

Transabdominal Ultrasound – This kind of ultrasound is when the patient lies down, and aconductive gel is applied to the lower abdomen. A transducer is then moved over the skin to capture images of the pelvic area.

Transvaginal Ultrasound – This test involves inserting a small probe into the vaginal canal. It gives a closer and clearer view of the uterus, ovaries and other reproductive organs which can help detect any abnormalities.

Discussion of Results and Next Steps

If you have had any tests during your appointment, your healthcare provider may offer preliminary insights, however, for certain tests like smear tests or bloods, results can take a few days to be processed.

Follow up – Depending on the results it may be recommended that you undergo further or additional testing or treatment options.

Discussing treatment options – If any condition is identified, the healthcare provider will explain treatment options available to you. Treatments can range from courses of medicationand lifestyle changes to minor procedures and/or referrals to specialists.

Specific concerns

Every person’s needs are unique, and a gynaecology appointment is a safe space to voice any particular concerns. Common topics include:

Birth Control – The healthcare provider may discuss various types of contraceptive options, helping you choose a method that suits your lifestyle and health needs.

Fertility Discussions – For those looking to plan for pregnancy, your healthcare professionalcan provide fertility assessments, pre-pregnancy health screenings and advice and guidance on conception.

Menopause Management – For people experiencing menopausal or perimenopausal symptoms, you can be offered solutions for managing those symptoms.

A comfortable environment

It’s not unusual to feel anxious before a gynaecology appointment, especially if it’s the first one you’ve attended. The Surrey Park Clinic understands this, and we strive to make each appointment as comfortable as possible.

We focus on providing a compassionate, non-judgmental atmosphere where we encourage open communication, ensuring you’re respected and informed every step of the way. Privacy is a top priority, as is empowerment; we make sure you understand your reproductive healthand options available to you to best suit your wellbeing, in a safe and secure environment.

The Surrey Park Clinic’s Gynaelogical Services include:

Comprehensive Well Woman Screening
Ovarian Cancer Screening
Cervical Screening and HPV Testing
Bladder Health and Incontinence Care
Contraception and Coil Fittings
Addressing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Managing Endometriosis Symptoms
Relieving Pelvic and Abdominal Pain
Addressing Pain During Sex
Managing Abnormal Bleeding
Prolapse Care

You can contact us for more information here.

How Much is a Private Cervical Smear?

By ODOllie, 29th September 2024

A cervical smear, also known as cervical screening, is an essential part of healthcare for women. It plays a crucial role in reducing cervical cancer by identifying abnormal cells before they develop into something more sinister. For women in the UK, the NHS offers free cervical screening (at differing intervals, depending on age and health), but many opt for private screening due to shorter wait times, convenience, and the flexibility to choose a healthcare provider.

But how much does a private cervical smear actually cost? We’ve put together a comprehensive list of everything you need to know about cervical screening, and the most frequently asked questions, including private testing costs.

What is cervical Screening?

Cervical screening is a test that checks the health of your cervix, which is the lower, narrow end of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It is a common misconception that this test is designed to detect cancer; in reality it identifies abnormal or pre-cancerous cells in the cervix that could develop into cervical cancer without medical intervention.

By catching abnormal cells early, cervical screening can significantly reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Here in the UK, screening is recommended for women (and anyone with a cervix) aged 25 to 64, every three to five years through the NHS. But there are an increasing number of women who choose to have annual private screening to give them peace of mind and a premium standard of healthcare.

Why Consider a Private Cervical Smear?

There are many reasons why women might decide to have a private screening. One of the benefits is the flexibility and convenience of booking an appointment for a time that suits you best. With some GP practices struggling with patient load, getting an appointment can sometimes take a few weeks. A private appointment will offer a much shorter waiting time, with a more personalised service, thorough consultation and detailed follow-up care.

At clinics like ours, for example, appointments generally last 30 minutes, allowing time for a consultation and also other health checks like blood pressure monitoring and BMI measurements. This can put our patients at ease, with the holistic approach reassuring them, especially if there are reproductive health concerns at play.

Private screening also offers swift results. The NHS may take several weeks for results to be available, but private clinics generally promise results within 7 to 10 days. If any abnormalities are detected, private clinics often provide a more tailored approach to treatments and follow up appointments.

What Happens During a Private Cervical Smear Appointment?

A clinician will begin by discussing your general health and will address any concerns or questions you might have. The cervical smear test itself is relatively quick. It should not be painful, but some women experience a little discomfort during the test. A small brush is used to collect cells from the cervix, which are then sent to a testing laboratory for analysis. This will include a test for HPV (human papillomavirus), the virus responsible for most cases of cervical cancer.

Once your results are ready, you’ll receive a notification explaining your results and any steps you might need to take. If the results are abnormal or if there is a need for further investigations, the clinic may recommend booking another appointment to discuss any treatment options.

It’s important to note that follow up consultations may be charged separately.

How Much Does a Private Cervical Smear Cost?

The cost of a private cervical smear test in the UK can vary depending on the clinic you choose, the experience of the clinician, and whether additional appointments are needed.

Here at The Surrey Park Clinic, prices for a cervical smear screening range from £150 to £653. This cost variation reflects the differing levels of service available, from a basic smear to more comprehensive packages that include additional health check and consultations.

For many women the additional expense if justified by the convenience and peace of mind that a private service offers. It’s a good idea to research and compare options before booking an appointment.

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the lining of the cervix start to grow uncontrollably. It is one of a few types of cancer that can be prevented through regular screening as the test can catch pre-cancerous cells before they develop into cancer. When abnormal cells are found, they can be treated to prevent the development of cancer.

Most cases of cervical cancer are linked to the HPV virus as mentioned above, which is why screening is so important. Over 850 women die annually in the UK from cervical cancer, and it is prevalent among women aged 35 and under.

Reducing Your Risk of Cervical Cancer

The most effective way to reduce the risk of contracting cervical cancer is through regular screening. Research by Gov.uk suggests that cervical screening is estimated to save 4,500 lives in the UK each year by detecting abnormal cells early, before they develop into cancer.

In addition to screening, many healthcare providers offer the HPV vaccine, which is another tool in reducing the spread of HPV. Whilst the vaccine doesn’t completely eliminate the risk of cervical cancer, it greatly reduces the likelihood of developing it.

What are Cervical Cancer Symptoms?

It’s important to be aware of the potential signs of cervical cancer. You may have noticed some changes in your body, or find that you have certain symptoms that could include:

Unexplained vaginal bleeding, either after sex, or between periods.
Bleeding after menopause
Vaginal discharge
Pain or discomfort during intercourse

It’s essential to seek medical advice as soon as possible if you are experiencing any of the above; early detection is key to successful treatment.

How Do You Book a Private Cervical Smear?

It’s a straightforward process and can often be done online or by phone. Most private clinics offer flexible appointment times so that you can find a time to fit in with your schedule. At the Surrey Park Clinic, appointments can be booked online or by calling 01483 454016. The advantage of quicker appointments, faster results and a more personalised and tailored care plan make us an attractive option for many women seeking a swifter service and extra peace of mind.

Sexual Health And Contraception – Not Just A Youngster’s Game

By Emma Wiltshire, 9th September 2022

Too often, sexual health is seen as a young person’s problem. They get the talks about the birds and the bees in school and they are the ones that are constantly reminded to seek advice about STDs, STIs and any other concerns they may have regarding sexual relationships and wellness.

But we all know twenty-something-year-olds are not the only ones having fun. So we all need to be just as involved in this conversation! Sexual health and contraception are not just about preventing pregnancy – it is also about ensuring we know how to avoid infections and keep ourselves safe.

In this blog post, we’re going to explore all of these topics and highlight the importance of honesty and breaking the stigma around this topic with all generations!

Keep It Wrapped

In almost every case, condoms will provide some protection against the risks of STIs during sex. However, let’s take a look at why people need to make careful considerations about their sexual health and contraception.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Everyone that wants to, should be entitled to really great sex. Being safe doesn’t mean being boring in any way shape or form.

When a person’s penis enters another person’s vagina, there will usually be a risk of pregnancy. This is usually the reason why people use protection such as condoms or female contraception like the pill or the coil.

But sex isn’t just about making babies.

Many of us crave intimacy with another person and nothing should stop us from doing what gets us excited and makes us feel good.

However, while people who might be less likely to fall pregnant or worry about this risk due to menopause or other bodily changes, there is still the risk of contracting an STI such as:

Chlamydia
Herpes
Warts
HIV
Syphilis
Gonorrhoea
Hepatitis C

You can also still contract these infections if the person doesn’t ejaculate or if the penis is only shallowly inserted.

Furthermore, anal sex poses an even higher chance of spreading these infections due to the thin lining of the anus. Similarly, oral sex poses a risk of STIs which also increases if you have cuts or sores around the mouth, genitals or anus.

Viruses and bacteria can be passed through breaks in the skin and it is possible for both the giver and receiver of oral sex to contract an STI.

It is for this reason condoms are strongly recommended with new partners or when engaging with multiple people. You can never be too careful and even in long-term relationships or where someone may be using female contraception, we recommend condoms as a preventative measure for STIs.

Even if your partner tells you ‘it doesn’t feel as good’ – that is no excuse for neglecting your safety. They are thin and created for your protection. Surely not having to worry about contracting something will help you enjoy it even more?

Also, the age-old lie of ‘I’m too big for them’ is another excuse that shouldn’t slide in any relationship. You can get different sizes, styles and brands – there will be one out there you can use!

(Plus, there are plenty of videos out there proving otherwise – it’s not as hard as you think to get your whole arm inside a standard condom… So tell them not to flatter themselves and wrap it up!)

Of course, you could use the female condom if you’d prefer.

Just Good Vibes…

A lot of people incorporate sex toys into their activities. Whether it be vibrators, dildos or other equipment, this can often be to aid with sexual dysfunction, self-pleasure, and adding something new to your routine, as well as in same-sex relationships or for general pleasure.

Sharing these sex toys poses a risk of spreading STIs and washing after each use and thoroughly is one way of ensuring this does not happen.

Although, you can still use contraception like condoms when engaging in activities using sex toys, which may help to prevent this risk further.

It is important for sexual health and contraception purposes to keep general hygiene in mind and think twice about using toys with different partners without proper care and cleaning.

Better With Age?

Developing emotional and physical closeness to another person is extremely important for sustained happiness and quality of life. It can also improve mental health by offering a chance to maintain activity and release those all-important ‘happy hormones’ everyone needs.

However, we are aware that for one reason or another, our physical ability to perform and enjoy sex, in the same way, can often decline.

This may lead to some uncomfortable or embarrassing encounters with partners. Not having the understanding or access to resources that educate us on sexual health and contraception can be a huge reason for this, but many of us will experience it in our lifetime. It is nothing to be ashamed about and you are most definitely not alone!

There are a few things we can do to remain positive and start conversations about these topics that will heat things up once more and allow you to get at it again.

Talk About It!

This may be easier said than done but it is so important to have an open and honest relationship with your partner about any worries or concerns.

Your other half should be the one you feel most comfortable discussing these things with, as they are the person you are sharing these encounters with.

Also being settled in long-term relationships or marriage doesn’t mean you can’t try something new. But, nor does it mean you are no longer at risk of STIs or other sexual health issues.

Unfortunately, discussing the topic of polyamory or having sex with multiple partners is still taboo, we need to remember that it is a huge part of many people’s lives and a way they can remain satisfied.

For this reason, it is crucial that anyone, of any age, is having honest discussions with new and existing partners about their past and current sexual health.

This includes mentioning STIs, STDs and contraceptive methods where necessary.

It is essential that both partners feel comfortable communicating with each other about sexual activity to ensure a happy and healthy relationship.

Think Further Than 50 Shades of Grey

If approaching conversations about sexual health and contraception head-on feels too daunting, there are plenty of other ways to learn more about it.

Websites, books, and articles like this one are readily available on the internet and in libraries which can help to increase understanding. This is a great way to learn about sexual health and contraception without feeling like you have to put yourself out there.

It’s also part of the reason we write things like this and share our messages on social media. Without these conversations and educational resources, no one will learn and people forget what is a normal part of life.

From Niagra Falls To The Sahara…

As people approach the menopause, some may start to suffer from falling estrogen levels. Common symptoms associated with this are vaginal dryness and thinning.

As a result, penetrative sex, in particular, can become uncomfortable or even painful. This is when those open and honest conversations are going to be important. You can discuss the use of lubricant or ways in which you may need to reconsider the other person’s sexual health for the benefit of both parties.

There are plenty of fun options that can not only get you your mojo back but can actually improve your sex life. Flavoured lubricants and other products are designed to assist with not only penetrative sex but oral sex too – just don’t forget to keep it water-based if you are using it on top of a condom. (We wouldn’t want any unexpected tears.)

As well as this, sex drive may decrease and other changes to the body may cause low self-esteem, anxiety or depression. Sexual health and contraception do not just mean avoiding infections. We also need to consider mental well-being and our general experience with this part of our lives as people’s bodies change.

But, if you think the menopause might be playing a part in these issues, you could get in touch with our experienced team of specialists. With over 10 years in the field, we understand how personal symptoms can be – differing from patient to patient.

If you need help managing these symptoms or understanding more about how menopause may affect your relationship and personal life, book an appointment today or call our clinic on 01483454016 for more information.

Our clinicians can help with sex drive as well as low mood which may be one of your main culprits in the bedroom!

Feeling Down Because You Can’t Get It Up?

Unfortunately, ageing can come with a few other sexual changes for those where estrogen is not an issue. This can include erectile dysfunction (ED), reduced libido and even difficulty ejaculating.

There are many possible causes for these changes but it is essential to have open conversations with your partner about how you’re feeling and what you’re experiencing.

Again, just as younger people are concerned with having an active but safe sex life, sexual activity, the older you get, should not just be about avoiding infections but also maintaining a healthy and enjoyable relationship.

No Accidents In This House

If you are looking to prevent pregnancy as well as STIs, there are a number of options available to you.

Many people also use hormonal contraceptives to control unwanted symptoms such as acne, mood swings and painful periods – but it is always recommended that you speak to your GP before trying anything new.

Here are a few of the options currently available. Most of which are available through the NHS.

Combined Pill
Injection
Patch
Implant
Copper Coil
Diaphragm
IUS (Hormonal Coil)
The Ring
Mini Pill
Condoms
Female Condoms
Vasectomy
Female Sterilisation
Emergency Contraception

GPs, pharmacies and sexual health clinics are the best places to get contraception. As there are so many, it may take a while to find one that is right for you.

When we get older, people going through menopause may find it harder or impossible to get pregnant, but people producing sperm will continue to do so unless they undertake hormone therapy or have the testes removed.

It is also worth remembering that condoms are the only option that protects against STIs.

Understanding and education surrounding sexual health and contraception are vital in breaking the barriers and stigma we deal with every day.

Stay Safe

We hope this blog has helped start a conversation about something we know can be difficult or embarrassing. It is so important that we break down the barriers surrounding these topics to ensure everyone has access to the resources and support they need throughout life.

Don’t forget to share this article with others and find us on social media for more open and honest discussions where we will answer your questions and share our expertise.

Gynaecological Cancer Awareness: Normal or Not?

By Emma Wiltshire, 9th September 2022

In the UK, over 22,000 people each year are diagnosed with some form of gynaecological cancer. Many of us don’t even know what the different types are or what we should be looking out for in terms of our own wellness, signs and symptoms.

September is gynaecological cancer awareness month – the perfect opportunity to get educated and join our community of individuals who want to understand more about their own bodies and where they can seek guidance or support should they need it.

Too often, people don’t seek treatment for gynae concerns because they’re embarrassed, don’t know the symptoms or aren’t sure where they can go for help without being turned away or judged. This can be a deadly mistake.

Simply having access to the correct information and a safe space can be life-changing. So please, keep reading.

Gynaecological Cancer Awareness – The 5 Types

There are five main types of gynae cancer we want you to be aware of.

Each comes with its own set of symptoms, risks and treatments. With some overlap, it’s incredibly important to be aware of each one and seek medical advice if you are concerned.

Womb Cancer

Also known as endometrial cancer, this is the most common type of gynaecological cancer in the UK with around 9,000 new cases diagnosed each year. It usually affects people over the age of 50 who have been through the menopause. However, we are now seeing higher rates of pre-menopausal people also being affected.

Anyone with a womb could be at risk.

The majority of cases begin in the lining of the womb or endometrium. While the signs may differ from person to person, the most common symptoms include:

Bleeding or spotting after menopause
Heavy periods that are out of character
Bleeding between periods
Unusual vaginal discharge (compared to usual)

If you are worried about any of these symptoms, you should contact your GP right away or a specialist consultant or clinic. During your appointment, they may ask you questions about your family medical history and how you feel. It is likely your doctor may also need to do an examination.

We know it can feel embarrassing or uncomfortable, but this is an important process that could be the key to early diagnosis. Having the courage to talk about it and go through the stages may just save a life. You are always within your rights to ask for a particular doctor or chaperone to make the experience a little less intimidating.

Other signs of womb cancer include:

A lump or swelling in your pelvis
Pain in your pelvis or lower back
Pain during sex
Blood in your urine

Anyone with a womb is susceptible and that’s why comprehensive gynaecological cancer awareness is so important! This includes women, trans men, non-binary people and intersex people. However, it does mean that you cannot get this type of cancer if you have had a hysterectomy.

Having high oestrogen levels is just one thing that can increase your risk of being diagnosed. Being overweight, having PCOS, diabetes or a family history of cancer are just a few more risk factors that can come into play.

Source

For more information please visit the NHS website.

Ovarian Cancer

There are many types of ovarian cancer, with the most common being epithelial ovarian cancer. Much like the type that affects the womb, it is often diagnosed in women over the age of 50 and can be difficult to spot as symptoms such as bloating or tummy pain can be mistaken for other health concerns.

When cells in the ovary grow abnormally, it can cause the following symptoms, leading to a diagnosis:

Persistent bloating
Persistent pelvic & abdominal pain
New bowel habits
Frequent urination
Feeling full more quickly or nauseous when eating
Weight loss
Back pain

When diagnosed early, it offers the best chance of successful treatment. This is why we believe that not only is gynaecological cancer awareness crucial, but so is access to and education surrounding ovarian cancer screening.

We offer screening at our clinic with Professor Jay Chatterjee. He is one of the top Gynae Oncology specialists in the country – offering a full consultation, transvaginal scan, blood tests and follow-up here at The Surrey Park Clinic.

If abnormalities are found, you may be referred for further treatment by Professor Chatterjee. While cysts and other benign growths can be mistaken for this, it is always worth going through the tests to make sure.

Vulvar Cancer

This is one of the rarest forms, with around 1400 new cases diagnosed in the UK each year. It usually affects women over the age of 60 and the most common symptom is a lump or growth on the vulva which may bleed or itch.

What Is The Vulva?

The vulva is the name given to the external female genitalia. It includes the pubic mound, inner and outer labia (lips), clitoris, urethra and vaginal opening.

Cancer can develop on any of these parts but is most commonly found on the labia.

Other symptoms may include:

Itching or burning sensation around the vulva
Changes in colour or texture of the skin
Unusual discharge that may have an offensive odour
Persistent pain in the pelvic area

A diagnosis is usually made following a biopsy, which involves taking a small sample of tissue from the affected area to be examined under a microscope by a pathologist. The vulva will also be checked for any other abnormal growths.

This is especially important as many symptoms can be confused for common conditions like infections. But as they can suggest something more sinister, it is always important to seek medical advice.

Treatment will depend on the stage at which the cancer is diagnosed but may involve surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Cervical Cancer

Gynaecological cancer awareness can help better our understanding of these scary signs and symptoms. Many people will have heard of this type from receiving vaccinations at school. However, few actually know what it is or what to look out for.

It is caused by changes to the DNA in cells of the cervix, which is the lower part of the womb that opens into the vagina. The most common symptom is abnormal bleeding, which can occur during or after sex, in between periods or after menopause. Other symptoms include:

Unusual discharge from the vagina that may have an offensive odour
Pain during sex
Persistent pain in the pelvic area
Loss of appetite and weight loss
Fatigue

Nealy all cancers of this kind are caused by a common sexually transmitted infection called human papillomavirus or HPV for short. The HPV vaccines are offered to young people between the ages of 12 and 13 as this will usually be a window before they become sexually active.

While around 80% of us will come into contact with this infection, it usually clears up without any need for treatment or the concern of higher risk.

Cervical screening, also known as smear tests, are offered to people with a cervix at the age of 25. The NHS currently invites people every 3 years, but we also offer private cervical screening at our clinic in Guildford, Surrey.

We recommend yearly testing, as this can be crucial for early detection and can be the difference between life and death. We know no one particularly likes going to their cervical screening appointment and it can be an uncomfortable process, however, we do everything we can to ensure you are as relaxed, comfortable and at ease as possible during your visit.

If you’d like to find out more about what happens at a smear test or would like to book an appointment with our GP Dr Alex Standring, you can click here.

Vaginal Cancer

This is the rarest gynaecological cancer, with only around 400 new cases diagnosed in the UK each year. It usually affects women over the age of 60 and symptoms may include:

Abnormal bleeding, which can occur during or after sex, in between periods or after menopause
Unusual discharge from the vagina that may have an offensive odour
Pain during sex
Persistent pain in the pelvic area
A lump or growth in the vagina
Itching or burning sensation around the vulva
Changes in colour or texture of the skin on the vulva
Loss of appetite and weight loss
Fatigue

There may be a few things that can increase a person’s risk of developing vaginal cancer.

40% of cases are in people over 75 years old
There are many types of HPV that may develop into vaginal cancer
History of abnormal cervix or vaginal cells
Previous treatment of other gynaecological diseases with radiotherapy
Weakened immune system
Smoking

Because it is similar to cervical in the sense that many cases will be due to HPV infections, we would always recommend attending your cervical screening (smear test) appointments and encouraging children to undertake the vaccinations at school.

It can grow very slowly and the seriousness usually depends on the size of any cancerous growths. This is why early diagnosis is key. As we mentioned before, waiting three years for cervical screening might not always be the best option, especially if you have a family history of cancers.

If you’re worried about anything we have discussed today or would simply like to get into the habit of more regular screening, get in touch with our team today or book an appointment online. If you have any other questions please don’t hesitate to get in touch.

Why Is The Pelvic Floor So Important?

By Emma Wiltshire, 3rd May 2022

I’m sure you’ve heard of the pelvic floor. If you’ve had children, you were probably told, in passing, to ‘do your pelvic floor exercises’, maybe without any other instruction or explanation. It’s not just after babies that the pelvic floor is important, however. Women, and men, can experience pelvic floor issues at any stage in life and it can have a wide range of implications. So let’s look into it a bit further and see why the pelvic floor is so important.

What is it?

The pelvic floor is a group of muscles and connective tissue that attaches to the bottom of your pelvis, like a sling between your legs. This sling supports your pelvic organs, including your bladder, uterus and rectum.

The pelvic floor is part of the core muscle system, working closely with your transverse abdominus, multifidus and diaphragm to support your trunk. This is your ‘core’ and contributes to back stability, postural strength and function.

What problems can it cause?

Common problems arising from pelvic floor dysfunction are:

Stress urinary incontinence – this is the name for leaking pee when you cough or sneeze and is often the reason that mums don’t go trampolining! The pelvic floor can also be a factor in overactive bladder and urge urinary incontinence.

Pelvic organ prolapse – this is when your pelvic organs are not supported fully and drop down into your vagina, and can sometimes protrude. Women typically notice a heaviness in their pelvis on weight bearing activities and may notice a bulge from their vagina.

Sexual dysfunction – this could range from an inability to orgasm to discomfort during penetration to not being able to have sex due to pain.

Pelvic pain syndromes – conditions such are vulvodynia, vaginismus and Bladder Pain Syndrome (interstitial cystitis) often have involvement of the pelvic floor muscle complex, which can contribute to pain and dysfunction.

Back pain – core weakness is a common factor in chronic or recurrent back pain. Working on core activation and strength have been shown to help reduce the severity of chronic back pain and reduce the incidence of episodes.

Diastasis rectus abdominus – this is the separation of abdominal msucles, usually due to pregnancy. The pelvic floor is part of the core, and together they work to support your trunk. The balance between your core muscles and external abdominals is what helps to improve this issue.

What can go wrong?

The pelvic floor is a complex system of muscles. Any muscle in your body needs strength to contract, flexibility to function and the ability to fully relax. The pelvic floor needs to be able to balance its power and contractibility, with its relaxation and length in order to function comfortably and effectively.

This muscle system can be weak or inactive. This could be due to pregnancy, exercise, occupation, weight, age, the list goes on. If the muscles are weak they will not be able to counteract downward forces through your trunk. This may lead to bladder or bowel leaking, pelvic organ prolapse or sexual dysfunction (for example, inability to orgasm). Weakness in the core muscle system can cause or be a factor in lower back pain and perpetuate diastasis rectus abdominus.

The pelvic floor can also be overactive or shortened. This can be due to overtraining, stress or anxiety, infection, or as part of a trauma response. Tension in these muscles can cause pain related to urination, sex, or defecation; even sitting down or wearing tight trousers can be problematic for some people. It can contribute to urinary retention or incontinence, overactive bladder, or bladder pain syndrome. Tension or pain in your pelvic floor can also influence the surrounding structures and can be felt in or contribute to hip leg or back pain.

On examination, it is very routine to find that the pelvic floor muscles are both overactive and weak at the same time. If someone perceives a pelvic floor problem, for example a bit of leaking, the common advice is to ‘do your kegels’. Kegels are essentially strengthening exercises. The problem with this arises when people don’t know if their pelvic floor is actually weak, how to do an effective pelvic floor contraction and how to relax the muscles in between. The muscles need strength, but even more important is range (i.e. the ability to fully relax and then fully contract). Without working on the length and full relaxation in your pelvic floor, you will never get an optimal contraction.

What to do about it?

The research says that 65% of people who think that they’re doing their pelvic floor exercises correctly are in fact doing it incorrectly. This may be due to an ineffective contraction (reduced fibre activation or reduced range for example) or it could be that they are working to bear down with their pelvic floor muscles, which is the opposite to what we want to achieve and can make problems worse.

The only way to find out if you are contracting your pelvic floor correctly is to have an internal vaginal assessment with a specialist Pelvic Health Physiotherapist. A vaginal assessment is very routine for those of us in the trade. A pelvic floor examination involves feeling the muscles just on the inside of your vagina – feeling them contract, relax and what happens during a cough. This should be entirely comfortable and pain-free. We would also assess for signs of prolapse, in lying but also in standing if necessary.

NICE Guidelines (NICE 2022) recommend supervised pelvic floor retraining as a first-line treatment for stress or mixed incontinence and for pelvic organ prolapse. This means assessment and treatment with a specialist Pelvic Health Physiotherapist.

If pain is your issue, please don’t be put off by talk of internal examinations. They can be very helpful in diagnosis and treatment but are not imperative. Pelvic pain issues are very complex and lots of progress can be made ‘hands off’. It might be something to discuss and revisit during a subsequent appointment. You are always welcome to say no at any point.

In a nutshell, we all have pelvic floors, and they can impact every aspect of life. If you think you might have an issue with your pelvic floor, or would just like to check, do something about it and see a Pelvic Health Physio!

The 5 Gynaecological Cancers you need to be aware of…

By ODOllie, 20th September 2021

Awareness of the 5 gynaecological cancers is very low despite 21,000 women receiving a diagnosis each year. As with many cancers, early diagnosis is key so it is important women are aware of the signs and symptoms to look out for and to know what’s normal for them.

At The Surrey Park Clinic we offer Well Woman checks, Cervical Screening and Ovarian Cancer screening. You can find out more about these tests by following the links and you can book these on-line or by calling 01483 454 016. As September is Gynae Cancer Awareness Month, we are offering 10% off our Well Woman and Ovarian Cancer Screening checks for bookings made in September.

Ovarian Cancer Screening in Surrey

Otherwise known as the silent killer, ovarian cancer is sadly often diagnosed at a late stage which is why awareness of symptoms is critical to ensure this cancer is caught early.

Ovarian cancer affects around 7,500 women a year. It is the abnormal growth and division of cells in the ovary and the tumour can spread to other areas of the abdomen. Recent research has highlighted that ovarian cancer is likely to start in the fallopian tubes.

Symptoms of ovarian cancer:

The main symptoms of ovarian cancer are fairly vague and non-specific but do watch out for:

Struggling to eat and feeling full more quickly
Abdominal bloating
Abdominal or pelvic pain felt over a period of time
A change in bladder habits
Post menopausal bleeding

If you have any of these symptoms, please do see your GP or book into to see our consultant gynaecologist. At The Surrey Park Clinic, we offer ovarian cancer screening. Our Consultant Gynaecologist will discuss your medical history, conduct a trans-vaginal scan to assess the ovaries and also do CA125, CEA, Ca19-9 blood tests.

Who is at risk?

Women with a family history of Ovarian cancer and or related cancers such as breast, bowel and endometrial cancer
Women with an inherited BRCA gene mutation
As there is increasing awareness of Ovarian cancer, many women simply wish to have the reassurance of having their ovaries checked, especially if they have a friend who has developed the disease

More information on Ovarian Cancer:

Vulval Cancer

Vulval Cancer fortunately is quite a rare cancer and tends to affect women over 65 years. In order to be vigilant, it is important to know what your vulva “normally” looks like. We advise using a mirror to get to know the appearance of your vulva and check this on a regular basis to see if there are any changes.

Symptoms of Cancer of the Vulva:

a persistent itch in the vulva
pain, soreness or tenderness in the vulva
raised and thickened patches of skin that can be red, white or dark
a lump or wart-like growth on the vulva
bleeding from the vulva or blood-stained vaginal discharge between periods
an open sore in the vulva
a burning pain when peeing
a mole on the vulva that changes shape or colour

What Causes Vulval Cancer?

The exact cause of vulval cancer is unclear, but the following factors may increase your risk of developing the condition:

increasing age
vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) – where the cells in the vulva are abnormal and at risk of turning cancerous
persistent infection with certain versions of the human papillomavirus (HPV)
skin conditions affecting the vulva, such as lichen sclerosus
smoking

Our Consultant Gynaecologist, Mr Jay Chatterjee, gives an overview of Vulval Cancer:

Womb/Uterine Cancer

This is the most common gynaecological cancer which affects a woman’s reproductive system. It tends to be more common amongst post-menopausal women.

Symptoms of womb cancer:

any abnormal bleeding during your usual cycle
any bleeding post menopause

What causes womb cancer?

It is not always clear why womb cancer occurs but there are factors which may increase your risk of developing it. If you have high levels of oestrogen in your body you may have a higher risk. Obesity can create higher levels of oestrogen and there may also be a slight higher risk from long term use of tamoxifen.

Our Consultant Gynaecologist, Mr Jay Chatterjee, shares an overview of womb cancer:

Cervical Cancer

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer is one of the few cancers that is highly preventable. This is because dangerous pre-cancerous cell changes can be picked up in a Cervical screening, and any abnormal cells can be removed before they develop into cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women under 35 years and causes approximately 1,000 deaths per year in the UK. Most cervical cancers are caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV).

What Are The Symptoms of Cervical Cancer?

Symptoms include:

Vaginal bleeding between periods
Bleeding during or after sexual intercourse
Bleeding at any time if you are past Menopause
Vaginal discharge that smells unpleasant
Discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse

How do I Reduce my risk of Cervical Cancer?

Ensuring you are up to date with your Cervical screening appointments are the best way to reduce your risk of Cervical cancer. Research suggests that Cervical screenings (smear test and HPV testing) save around 1,000 lives every year. At The Surrey Park Clinic we offer a cervical screening service – find out more here.

HPV vaccines are also now available. Human papillomavirus vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection by certain types of human papillomavirus. Available HPV vaccines protect against either two, four, or nine types of HPV. All HPV vaccines protect against at least HPV types 16 and 18, which cause the greatest risk of cervical cancer.

Mr Jay Chatterjee gives an overview of Cervical Cancer:

Vaginal Cancer

Vaginal cancer is a rare cancer affecting the vagina, the tube leading from the cervix (neck of the womb) to the vulva.

What are the symptoms of vaginal cancer?

vaginal bleeding after the menopause
bleeding after sex or pain during sex
smelly or bloodstained vaginal discharge
bleeding between periods
a lump or mass in or at the entrance to the vagina
an itch in your vagina that will not go away
pain when peeing, or needing to pee a lot

Vaginal cancer is very rare for women under 40 but if you are experiencing symptoms, please do seek medical advice as early diagnosis is key.

Cervical Screening Awareness

By ODOllie, 10th June 2019

The Importance of Cervical Screening

by Mr Jay Chatterjee, Consultant Gynaecologist

Gynaecological cancers include cancers of the female reproductive tract, namely of the cervix, ovary, fallopian tube, uterus, vulva and the vagina.

There are many factors that cause gynaecological cancers. Cervical Screening and awareness of early signs and symptoms can result in the early detection of these cancers when treatment is more likely to be successful and a complete cure is a possibility. Diet, exercise and lifestyle choices play a significant role in the prevention of cancer. Additionally, knowledge of family history can increase the chance of prevention or early diagnosis by determining if someone may have a gene which makes them susceptible to cancer.

Over three-quarters of all new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed between the ages of 25 and 64 years. It is the most common cancer in women below the age of 35 years. The primary recognised cause of cancer of cervix is human papillomavirus infection (HPV). It is considered preventable as it has a recognizable precancerous condition and an accepted treatment modality for this precancerous stage. The NHS Cervical Screening Program is widely recognized to be one of the most successful cancer prevention programs in the world. Since its introduction, the number of cervical cancer cases has decreased by 7% year on year. The program aims to reduce the number of women who develop invasive cervical cancer (incidence) and the number of women who die from it (mortality). It does this by regularly screening all women at risk so that conditions which might otherwise develop into invasive cancer can be identified and treated earlier.

Ovarian cancer continues to be the most fatal of the female genital tract cancers. However, contrary to the commonly held perception, ovarian cancer is neither an asymptomatic disease nor a so-called ‘silent killer’. The initial presenting symptoms are often associated with other conditions, especially abdominal and gastrointestinal disorders till they become very obvious in advanced stage disease. A strong family history of certain cancers may indicate the presence of hereditary gene mutations. Irregular periods or post menopausal bleeding, lower abdominal, back ache and urinary frequency are symptoms which should prompt early investigation and referral to a specialist.

By Mr Jay Chatterjee, Consultant Gynaecologist, June 2019

To book your cervical screening or for more information, please complete the contact form below and a member of the team will be in touch within 12 working hours:

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